The McKinsey Quarterly

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How consumer goods companies are coping with complexity

A recent survey suggests that the rapid pace of change in the industry is leaving some marketers behind.

The consumer-packaged-goods industry, the birthplace of modern brand management, was for many years at the cutting edge of marketing. Recently, however, marketers in the industry have struggled to keep up with unprecedented levels of change—from an explosion in the number of media choices to the growth in size and importance of major retailers such as Wal-Mart Stores.

To understand how consumer goods marketers are coping, we surveyed chief marketing officers and their key subordinates at 20 leading North American consumer goods makers.1 We asked them about their approaches to managing brands and brand portfolios, the changing media environment, innovation, consumer insights, relationships with retailers, and the relationship between corporate- and division-level marketers.2 In addition, we reviewed the performance of the manufacturers (and, where possible, business units within them) in areas that matter to marketers, such as market share in product categories, the growth rates of brands and brand portfolios relative to category averages, and sales from new products. Together, the results provide clues about the connection between specific marketing practices and marketing performance.3

Our findings highlight the prevalence of persistent experimentation among a few leading marketers. In today’s uncertain environment, winning companies are experimenting with new media, new approaches for gathering insights about consumers, and more collaborative relationships with major retailers. Central marketing organizations at high-performing packaged-goods companies are more likely to let frontline marketers take chances and to provide information and disseminate best practices created by marketers across the company.

Notes

1 The companies’ collective sales represent roughly 50 percent of the US packaged food, personal and household care, nonalcoholic beverages, spirits, and tobacco categories. Examples of key subordinates include managers responsible for brands, innovation, customer insights, and relationships with retailers.

2 By divisions, we mean units that have their own marketing initiatives and are held accountable for results. Typically, divisions represent brands, categories, or collections of both.

3 We emphasize the word clues because it is impossible with such analyses to prove causation statistically. For more on the perils of linking high performance with a specific set of steps or operating formulas, see Phil Rosenzweig, “The halo effect, and other managerial delusions,” The McKinsey Quarterly, 2007 Number 1, pp. 76–85.

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